Spine Examination – OSCE Guide

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Spine Examination - OSCE Guide

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This video aims to demonstrate how to carry out spinal examination in an OSCE setting.

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Always adhere to your medical school and local hospital trust guidelines when performing examinations or clinical procedures. Do not perform any examination or procedure on patients based purely upon the content of these videos. Geeky Medics accepts no liability for loss of any kind incurred as a result of reliance upon the information provided in this video. Some people find this video useful for ASMR purposes. Check out our Geeky Medics merchandise on our store here https://teespring.com/en-GB/stores/geeky-medics-store Subscribe to our newsletter, to be the first to know about our latest content https://geekymedics.com/newsletter/
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VERTEBRAL COLUMN ANATOMY (1/2)

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Your spine, also called your backbone or vertebral column, is composed of 33 bones, called vertebrae, which provide your body with support and protect your spinal cord from injury. The vertebrae can be divided into five groups: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and the coccyx, each of which has unique features suited to their functions. There are 7 cervical vertebrae, numbered C1-C7, 12 thoracic vertebrae, numbered T1-T12, 5 lumber vertebrae, numbered L1-L5, 5 sacral vertebrae, numbered S1-S5, and the coccyx. The upper 24 vertebrae are articulating, separated by intervertebral disc s. The sacral vertebrae and the bones of the coccyx are fused.
The cervical vertebrae – which are the vertebrae of your neck – support your head, which weighs around 10-13 pounds. C1 and C2 are specialized vertebrae that allow for the greatest range of motion of all the vertebrae. C1 is called atlas, after the man from Greek mythology who held up the earth. It is ring-shaped and attaches directly to your skull. This vertebra allows you to nod your head. C2, called “axis”, serves as an axis about which C1 pivots, allowing you to shake your head when saying “no”. C1 is able to pivot on this vertebra thanks to a specialized process called the dens, or odontoid process.
The thoracic vertebrae – which are the vertebrae of your mid to upper back – hold the rib cage and protect your heart and lungs. They have a limited range of motion. The lumbar vertebrae – which are the vertebrae of your lower back, bear the weight of your upper body and are larger in order to support the stress, especially when you lift something heavy. The sacral vertebrae connect your spine to your hip bones. These vertebrae are fused together. Together with your hip bones, they form the pelvic girdle. The coccyx, or tailbone, is made up of four fused bones, which provide attachment points for ligaments and muscles of the pelvic floor.
Now let’s cover the parts of a vertebra. A vertebra has 3 parts – the body, vertebral arch, and the processes. The body bears weight, the vertebral arch houses the spinal cord, and the processes allow for muscle attachment. The vertebral arch is made of two supporting pedicles and two laminae. The space inside, which houses the spinal cord, is called the vertebral foramen. Under each pedicle, spinal nerves exit and pass through the intervertebral foramen.
7 bony processes arise from each vertebral arch to form facet joints and processes for muscle attachment. Facet joints allow for back motion. Each vertebra has two pairs of facet joints – 1 pair connects to the vertebra above (superior facets), and 1 pair that connects to the vertebra below. There is also a pair of transverse process and a spinous process.
Between the vertebrae are the intervertebral discs, which provide cushioning and prevent the bones from rubbing together. Note that there is no intervertebral disc between C1 and C2. Discs are composed of am annulus, which is made up of several layers, or laminae, of fibrocartilage – crisscrossing fibrous bands that attach between the bodies of the vertebrae above and below, and a gel-filled center called the nucleus. The nucleus distributes the pressure evenly within each disc during compression.
The nucleus is full of proteoglycans – large molecules with sugar subunits that are very hydrophilic. This structure swells with water, unless it experiences constraints from the surrounding tissues. Hence, the nucleus absorbs fluid at night or when you’re lying down and then this fluid is pushed out during the day when you are upright and pressure is applied to the intervertebral discs. We shorten as we age because the discs lose the ability to reabsorb fluid during rest, flatten, and get more brittle.

3D models from:
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https://www.cgtrader.com/3d-models/character/anatomy/human-body-anatomy
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Spine or Vertebral column | Spine bones joints | Human Spine Anatomy 3D animation | Elearnin

This video illustrates one of the main parts of human body, the spinal cord or the vertebral column. Understand the intricacies of the movements of vertebral column by getting familiar with the joints and bones, and the set of complex muscles which make up the spinal cord.
The vertebral column in the mammals is known as the back bone or the spine. The vertebral column protects the spinal cord and even supports the head. The spinal cord serves as a joint for the ribs and musculature of the back. The spine is a cord like bony structure in the human body and other vertebrates.
Human vertebral column is formed by serially arranged units called the vertebrae and are inward placed. This vertebral column extends from the base of the skull and constitutes the main framework of the trunk. These vertebras have a central hollow potion which is called the neural canal. The spinal cord passes through this neural canal. The first vertebra is called the atlas and this atlas articulates the occipital condyle, which is a kidney-shaped convex surface found in the lower back part of the skull. The entire vertebral column is differentiated into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal region starting from the skull.
The human body consists of about 24 articulating (or the joint) vertebrae that comprise these three sections. However, in reality, it consists of 33 vertebrae where the other five are fused to form the sacrum.
Broadly, the three main sections of the spine include: cervical spine, thoracic spine and the lumbar spine.
The cervical spine begins at the base of the skull. Seven vertebrae make up the cervical spine, which are small and delicate, with eight pair of cervical nerves. It is these vertebrae that help in the movement of the head and the neck.
The thoracic spine is located in the chest area and it contains 12 vertebrae. These are connected to the ribs which limits the flexibility of these vertebrae. The ribs aid in the protection of many vital organs in the human body. There is another float bone on the ventral midline of the thorax which is called the sternum.
The vertebrae in the lumbar spine in most people are five in number. They are larger than the thoracic or the cervical spine. They carry most of the body’s weight and support easy flexibility and extension.
Each of the vertebrae is supported by fibrous discs, known as the intervertebral discs that act like cushions between the bones. The body of the vertebrae provide a resting place for these fibrous discs. The vertebra increase in size from the neck, downwards, that is from the second cervical to the first thoracic. There is a slight decrease in the next three vertebrae and then again there is a gradual increase in size till the sacrum vertebrae.
Each fibrous disc is made up of two parts. The annulus is the hard outer layer of the vertebra. It surrounds a sponge-like centre called the nucleus. There are four facet joints in each vertebra, one pair faces upwards.
Stability to the spine is provided by interlocking with the adjacent vertebrae. A bone called the sacrum lies just below the lumbar spine. The sacrum is uniquely shaped. The lamina covers the spinal canal. It is a large hole in the centre of the vertebra. The spinal nerves pass through them.
Part of the spine bones seem to be projecting outside the spine, and these can be felt while running hands down the backbone. This part of the bone that projects outside is known as the spinous process. The spinous process is paired with two transverse processes, which are oriented 90 degrees to the spinous process, one on each side. They provide attachment to the back muscles.
Hope this gives you a fair understanding of spine. By the way, if you haven’t yet, pls go ahead and Subscribe to our channel, elearnin, for latest update on high-end 3D Anatomy videos here.
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Spine meaning in Hindi | Spine ka kya matlab hota hai | daily use English words

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Spine meaning in Hindi | Spine ka kya matlab hota hai | daily use English words

Spine meaning in Hindi | Spine ka kya matlab hota hai | daily use English words

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इस वीडियो में आप Spine का हिंदी में मतलब समझेंगे और साथ में Spine का pronunciation भी सीखेंगें यानि की आप Spine के अर्थ के साथ साथ ये भी सीखेंगें की Spine को कैसे बोले या Spine को बोलने का सही तरीका क्या है |

On this channel, we provide online English speaking classes and spoken English course online which can improve your English with our English language course online. We are providing English speaking course online so that you can improve your English at your home and without paying any money for this. In this video, you will learn daily use English words which will improve to learn English vocabulary in a simple way. This video will help you to learn English through Hindi thus you can increase English vocabulary on a daily basis.

असफल आदमी का दिमाग उससे काम लेता है और सफल आदमी दिमाग से काम लेता है |
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तो बस एक मिनट में सीखिए Spine को|
Let’s learn Hindi Meaning of Spine in detail.

Spine का हिंदी में अर्थ होता है
रीढ़, मेरुदण्ड, रीढ़ की हड्डी, पीठ, काँटा, शूल

Spine को इन उदाहरणों से और अच्छे से समझ सकते हैं
You should keep your spine straight.

आपको अपनी रीढ़ को सीधा रखना चाहिए।

He broke his spine in a fall from a horse.

घोड़े से गिरने से उसकी रीढ़ की हड्डी टूट गई।

ऐसी ही और वीडियो के लिए चैनल के होम पेज पर विजिट करें :

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Painter partition problem | Dynamic programming

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This video explains the painters partition problem using dynamic programming as well as backtracking. This is a very important dynamic programming programming. It is simple to understand but hard to solve. I have explained this problem in the simplest way possible using example. I have explained the problem with intuition in each step so that you can understand it easily. As usual, CODE LINK is given below. If you find any difficulty or have any query then do COMMENT below. PLEASE help our channel by SUBSCRIBING and LIKE our video if you found it helpful…CYA 🙂

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Surviving Severe Burns (Doctors Say He’s a Miracle)

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At two years old Zaid survived burns so severe that doctors say it is a miracle he’s still alive. Others now tease him for “looking like a zombie”. Zaid wants the world to know that he’s just a nice guy who enjoys making new friends.

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Spinal Cord – Clinical Anatomy and Physiology (dermatomes, blood supply, shingles, lumbar puncture)

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I Witness/Found A Spineless Person! 😐

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I was just being myself, and was trying to make new friends, until this owner of the Discord server banned me after my phone died, and don’t give me that Bullshit saying, hey, she might actually has a reason to band you, no the fuck she doesn’t, I have all the evidence to prove it so shut the fuck up and get ran over by an eighteen wheeler, and if you wanna post mean comments well ty for being my bitch and making me so coins so that way I can buy myself some breads. Your YT channel is great, but after witnessing of your spineless version, I’m not so sure if your that nice person on that YT, making great vids and stuff.

Eves Karydas covers Ruel 'Painkiller' for Like A Version

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Eves Karydas covers Ruel for triple j’s Like A Version.
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Halloween girl 2017 animation spine

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video process of halloween girl
animation by spine 2d pro
I am selling video process of making it here
The video set consists of 3 parts with a total time of 4 hours, full real time process
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Shaman - Spine 2D animation timelapse

Personal project
7h 30min of work

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Back Pain Relief Exercises & Stretches – Ask Doctor Jo

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Back Pain Relief Exercises & Stretches - Ask Doctor Jo

These back pain stretches and exercises are for general back pain like soreness from overworking your back or if you’ve pulled a muscle. If you know your specific back pain diagnosis, can check out the back pain section of my website for more specific exercises and stretches. See Doctor Jo’s blog post about this at: http://www.askdoctorjo.com/how-to-relieve-back-pain

The first stretch is called the pelvic tilt. You will roll back onto your back with your knees bent. You want to imagine pushing your belly button into the ground, or push your back flat onto the ground like you are squishing something. You can put your hand under the curve of your back, and try to push your back into your hand. Make sure you are breathing and not holding your breath while doing these exercises.

Next you will do a bridge. Push your bottom up off the ground, but try to do this slowly, and do one segment of your back at a time curling upward. Then slowly go down the same way, one segment at a time.

Now you will do a single knee to chest stretch, bend one knee and bring your leg up to your chest as far as you comfortably can. Hold this for 30 seconds and do it three times on each side. Next, bring both knees to your chest, and hold it for 30 seconds doing it three times. This is called a double knee to chest stretch.

Then try some gentle trunk rotation stretches on your back with your knees bent in hooklying. Gently rotate your bent legs from side to side. You can hold them on each side for 3-5 seconds or you can continuously rotate them back and forth. Again, try to keep your lower back on the ground. You can start off with 10 and work your way up to 20-25.

The next stretch is the prayer stretch. Bring your butt back onto your heels, and keep your arms straight out. Relax your head down to the ground. Hold it for 30 seconds, and do it three times.

Finally, you will do a combination move where you start in a plank position, and go into an upward dog yoga position. Hold that for 3-5 seconds, and then make a smooth transition into a downward dog position. You can go through this motion 3-5 times.

Related Videos:

How to Crack Your Back:

Lower Back Pain Back Flexion Stretches:

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How to Relieve Back Pain:

DISCLAIMER: This content (the video, description, links, and comments) is not medical advice or a treatment plan and is intended for general education and demonstration purposes only. This content should not be used to self-diagnose or self-treat any health, medical, or physical condition. Don’t use this content to avoid going to your own healthcare professional or to replace the advice they give you. Consult with your healthcare professional before doing anything contained in this content. You agree to indemnify and hold harmless Ask Doctor Jo, LLC and its officers for any and all losses, injuries, or damages resulting from any and all claims that arise from your use or misuse of this content. Ask Doctor Jo, LLC makes no representations about the accuracy or suitability of this content. Use of this content is at your sole risk.
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Texting Thumb Pain Relief with KT Tape

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How to use KT Tape to relieve thumb pain caused by texting.
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